When assessing for edema, which finding is most relevant to report?

• A. Swelling in dependent areas and positive pitting when pressed; report changes and measurement if directed.
• B. Cool, pale extremities with normal pedal pulse only.
• C. Absence of swelling always means no edema.
• D. Edema is a normal finding that does not require reporting.

Answer: (A)

When assessing edema, focus on whether fluid has accumulated enough to cause swelling in dependent parts and whether it pits when pressed. A positive pitting test shows clear fluid overload and is the most informative finding to report. Document where the swelling occurs (usually ankles/feet), how deep the indentation is (if you’re following a scale) and how long it takes to rebound, and note any changes over time or after interventions. This helps the care team track progression or improvement and adjust care like elevation or compression as directed.

The other descriptions don’t fit edema as well: cool, pale extremities with a normal pedal pulse point to circulation issues rather than edema; the absence of swelling does not always rule out edema (some forms are non-pitting or not yet visible); and stating that edema is normal and not reportable is not correct—edema is typically something to document and communicate to the nurse.